雅思阅读在做题的时候，特别是段落标题配对题要如何解呢，今天朗阁小编和同学们一起商量商量对策。
雅思阅读在做题的时候，特别是段落标题配对题要如何解呢，今天朗阁小编和同学们一起商量商量对策。
都知道，相对于中文，英语写作会更加讲求逻辑连贯，尤其是选入雅思阅读材料的英语文章，更是英文写作的代表，它们往往选编于英美国家一些主要报刊杂志，如Economist, New Scientist等。“烤鸭”们在练习雅思写作的时候，老师一定会说，提出观点以后，要举例或引用来*这个观点，论证好了才能开始说下一个观点。这是一篇逻辑完整的英语写作文章基本的要求。那么这个道理放在雅思阅读文章中也同样适用，也就是说，如果在某一段文章中出现了引用某种观点或结论的句子，我们就可以据此判断该段中想要说明的重要论点是什么了。
剑桥雅思真题6 Test 4 Passage 1 “Doctoring sales”的E段，段落中引用了一位医生的话，“‘I've been the recipient of lf balls from one company and I use them, but it doesn't make me prescribe their medicine,' says one doctor. ‘I tend to think I'm not influenced by what they give me.’” 这名医生表达了自己虽然用了医药公司送的小礼物，但是并不会在开药方时受到影响。那么这段的主要内容就很明确了，对应前面的heading为“I. Not all doctors are persuaded.”
在文章段落中出现引用的格式主要有这样三类：
1. sb. + “……”（直接引语）
例如剑桥雅思真题6 Test 1 Passage 3 “Climate Change and the Inuit”的F段中直接引用了这样一句话：
‘In the early days scientists ignored us when they came up here to study anything. They just figured these people don't know very much so we won't ask them,’ says John Amaalik, an Inuit leader and politician. 'But in recent years IQ has had much more credibility and weight.’
值得说明的是，本段中的IQ不是一般意义上的智商，前文中说明过：And Western scientists are starting to draw on this wisdom, increasingly referred to as ‘Inuit Qaujimajatuqangit’, or IQ.——也就是Inuit人们的智慧。根据John Amaalik的说法，早期来此研究的科学家认为当地的Inuit是“don't know very much”, 但是后来到近几年情况发生了改变，IQ获得了更多的“credibility and weight”, 即可信度和重要性。所以，根据这个直接引语，我们很快就能选出前面对应的heading: IV. Respect for Inuit opinion grows。
2. sb. say/ claim/ argue/ believe/…that…
例如剑桥雅思真题7 Test 1 Passage 2 “Making Every Drop Count”中的E段中有这样几句话：
At the outset of the new millennium, however, the way resource planners think about water is beginning to change. The focus is slowly shifting back to the provision of basic human and environmental needs as top priority - ensuring 'some for all,' instead of 'more for some'. Some water experts are now demanding that existing infrastructure be used in smarter ways rather than building new facilities, which is increasingly considered the option of last, not first, resort.
这道题目的情况稍微复杂一些，出现引用的其实是“Some water experts are now demanding that…”这句间接引语。如果有对同义替换非常熟练的“烤鸭”，应该已经能够看出这里water experts和前面heading的选项 I. Scientists' call for a revision of policy里面的scientists对应了。再加上本段从句就开始出现的change, shifting, instead, rather than等词，反复传达“改变，变动”的意思，对应选项中的revision。当然我们也可以仔细分析一下间接引语的那句话：当前，一些水利*正在要求应该更好地运用现有的水利设施，而非一味兴修新的设备。这句话的潜台词就是说，以前大家普遍的做法是后者而非前者，所以就是要修改现有的措施。这样也就不难选出Scientists' call for a revision of policy这个选项来了。
3. a report/ survey/ research/ experiment/ … find/ suggest/ show/… that…
例如剑桥雅思真题6 Test 2 Passage 1 “Advantages of public transport”的D段：
Newman believes one of the best studies on how cities built for cars might be converted to rail use is The Urban Village report, which used Melbourne as an example. It found that pushing everyone into the city centre was not the best approach. Instead, the proposal advocated the creation of urban villages at hundreds of sites, mostly around railway stations.
本段较为简单易懂，句话点出了一个重要文件The Urban Village report, 第二句话是重点，也是引用内容所在，讲到这个report发现了什么结果，即pushing everyone into the city centre was not the best approach, 把大家都赶到市中心去并不见得好。所以，这就对应了选项中的I. Avoiding an overcrowded centre。
还有剑桥雅思真题6 Test 4 Passage 1 “Doctoring sales”的E段：
Free samples of new and expensive drugs might be the single most effective way of getting doctors and patients to become loyal to a product. Salespeople hand out hundreds of dollars' worth of samples each week- $7.2 billion worth of them in one year. Though few comprehensive studies have been conducted, one by the University of Washington investigated how drug sample availability affected what physicians prescribe. A total of 131 doctors self-reported their prescribing patterns - the conclusion was that the availability of samples led them to dispense and prescribe drugs that differed from their preferred drug choice.
段落中引用了华盛顿大学的一项调查，调查发现药品推销时发放的样品确实可以影响医生开药方时的选择，所以对应了选项VII. Research shows that promotion works。
当然，这种另辟蹊径的解题方法还是有局限性的，只能适用于一部分较为特殊的段落，也就是在段落中出现了引用某人的观点或引用某个实验、研究的结论，我们才能用这个思路去解题。但是由于英语文章强调逻辑性，所以有不少文章段落还是会出现这种特征。
这些例子都可以作为练习的参考，从题目中自己去总结，去发现规律。
